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to build up industry

  • 1 build sheet

    Automobile industry: broadcast sheet

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > build sheet

  • 2 kooppirakenne

    textile industry
    • cop build
    textile industry
    • cop wind

    Suomi-Englanti sanakirja > kooppirakenne

  • 3 confección

    f.
    1 confection, handicraft, manufacture, making.
    2 make-up of clothes.
    3 concoction.
    * * *
    1 (acción) dressmaking, tailoring; (ropa) off-the-peg clothes plural, ready-to-wear clothes plural
    2 (realización) making, making up
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=preparación) making-up, preparation
    2) (Cos) dressmaking
    3) (Farm) concoction, preparation
    * * *
    a) ( de trajes) tailoring; ( de vestidos) dressmaking

    de confección — ready-to-wear, off-the-peg

    b) ( de artefactos) making
    c) (de folleto, periódico) production; ( de lista) drawing-up
    d) ( de medicina) preparation
    * * *
    = assignment, authoring, build-up [buildup], drafting.
    Ex. Similar principles may be applied in the formulation and assignment of headings irrespective of the physical form of the document.
    Ex. This article presents a detailed discussion of the use of Hypermedia for authoring, organisation and presentation of information.
    Ex. No problem usually with terminals and micros but there could be an undesirable temperature build-up in confined areas.
    Ex. The preliminary work began immediately with the drafting of a questionnaire designed to collect pertinent data on the distribution of authority files.
    ----
    * compañía de confección de ropa = clothing company.
    * confección del catálogo = catalogue production.
    * confección de leyes = law-making [lawmaking/law making].
    * confección de libros = bookmaking [book making].
    * confección del presupuesto = budgeting.
    * confección de papel = paper-making [papermaking].
    * confección de políticas = policy making [policy-making/policymaking].
    * confección de prendas de vestir = dressmaking.
    * confección de tejidos = weaving.
    * experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.
    * industria de la confección = clothing industry.
    * industria de la confección, la = garment industry, the.
    * * *
    a) ( de trajes) tailoring; ( de vestidos) dressmaking

    de confección — ready-to-wear, off-the-peg

    b) ( de artefactos) making
    c) (de folleto, periódico) production; ( de lista) drawing-up
    d) ( de medicina) preparation
    * * *
    = assignment, authoring, build-up [buildup], drafting.

    Ex: Similar principles may be applied in the formulation and assignment of headings irrespective of the physical form of the document.

    Ex: This article presents a detailed discussion of the use of Hypermedia for authoring, organisation and presentation of information.
    Ex: No problem usually with terminals and micros but there could be an undesirable temperature build-up in confined areas.
    Ex: The preliminary work began immediately with the drafting of a questionnaire designed to collect pertinent data on the distribution of authority files.
    * compañía de confección de ropa = clothing company.
    * confección del catálogo = catalogue production.
    * confección de leyes = law-making [lawmaking/law making].
    * confección de libros = bookmaking [book making].
    * confección del presupuesto = budgeting.
    * confección de papel = paper-making [papermaking].
    * confección de políticas = policy making [policy-making/policymaking].
    * confección de prendas de vestir = dressmaking.
    * confección de tejidos = weaving.
    * experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.
    * industria de la confección = clothing industry.
    * industria de la confección, la = garment industry, the.

    * * *
    1 (de trajes) tailoring; (de vestidos) dressmaking
    industria de la confección clothing industry, garment industry, rag trade ( colloq)
    de confección ready-to-wear, off-the-peg
    [ S ] confecciones fashions
    3 (de un folleto, periódico) production; (de una lista) drawing-up; (de una maqueta) construction
    4 (de una medicina) preparation, making up
    * * *

     

    confección sustantivo femenino

    ( de vestidos) dressmaking;

    de confección ready-to-wear, off-the-peg

    confección sustantivo femenino
    1 Cost dressmaking, tailoring
    la industria de la confección, familiar the rag trade
    2 (realización) making, making up
    ' confección' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    corte
    - hechura
    - raja
    English:
    making
    - rag trade
    - ready
    - bunting
    - dry
    - manufacture
    - off
    * * *
    1. [de ropa] tailoring, dressmaking;
    el ramo de la confección the clothing o US garment industry;
    un traje/vestido de confección a ready-to-wear o ready-made o esp Br an off-the-peg suit/dress
    2. [de comida] preparation, making;
    [de lista] drawing up; [de estadística] production, preparation;
    la confección de las listas electorales the drawing up of the parties' lists of candidates
    * * *
    f
    1 de aparatos making
    2 de vestidos dressmaking; de trajes tailoring
    * * *
    1) : preparation
    2) : tailoring, dressmaking
    * * *
    1. (ropa) clothing
    2. (elaboración) making

    Spanish-English dictionary > confección

  • 4 индустриализирам

    1. industrialize; develop the industry of
    2. introduce industrial methods in
    индустриализирам се become industrialized; build up/develop o.'s industry
    * * *
    индустриализѝрам,
    гл.
    1. industrialize; develop the industry of;
    2. introduce industrial methods in;
    \индустриализирам ce become industrialized; build up/develop o.’s industry.
    * * *
    industrialize
    * * *
    1. industrialize;develop the industry of 2. introduce industrial methods in 3. ИНДУСТРИАЛИЗИРАМ ce become industrialized; build up/develop o.'s industry

    Български-английски речник > индустриализирам

  • 5 модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)

    1. modular data center

     

    модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    [ http://loosebolts.wordpress.com/2008/12/02/our-vision-for-generation-4-modular-data-centers-one-way-of-getting-it-just-right/]

    [ http://dcnt.ru/?p=9299#more-9299]

    Data Centers are a hot topic these days. No matter where you look, this once obscure aspect of infrastructure is getting a lot of attention. For years, there have been cost pressures on IT operations and this, when the need for modern capacity is greater than ever, has thrust data centers into the spotlight. Server and rack density continues to rise, placing DC professionals and businesses in tighter and tougher situations while they struggle to manage their IT environments. And now hyper-scale cloud infrastructure is taking traditional technologies to limits never explored before and focusing the imagination of the IT industry on new possibilities.

    В настоящее время центры обработки данных являются широко обсуждаемой темой. Куда ни посмотришь, этот некогда малоизвестный аспект инфраструктуры привлекает все больше внимания. Годами ИТ-отделы испытывали нехватку средств и это выдвинуло ЦОДы в центр внимания, в то время, когда необходимость в современных ЦОДах стала как никогда высокой. Плотность серверов и стоек продолжают расти, все больше усложняя ситуацию для специалистов в области охлаждения и организаций в их попытках управлять своими ИТ-средами. И теперь гипермасштабируемая облачная инфраструктура подвергает традиционные технологии невиданным ранее нагрузкам, и заставляет ИТ-индустрию искать новые возможности.

    At Microsoft, we have focused a lot of thought and research around how to best operate and maintain our global infrastructure and we want to share those learnings. While obviously there are some aspects that we keep to ourselves, we have shared how we operate facilities daily, our technologies and methodologies, and, most importantly, how we monitor and manage our facilities. Whether it’s speaking at industry events, inviting customers to our “Microsoft data center conferences” held in our data centers, or through other media like blogging and white papers, we believe sharing best practices is paramount and will drive the industry forward. So in that vein, we have some interesting news to share.

    В компании MicroSoft уделяют большое внимание изучению наилучших методов эксплуатации и технического обслуживания своей глобальной инфраструктуры и делятся результатами своих исследований. И хотя мы, конечно, не раскрываем некоторые аспекты своих исследований, мы делимся повседневным опытом эксплуатации дата-центров, своими технологиями и методологиями и, что важнее всего, методами контроля и управления своими объектами. Будь то доклады на отраслевых событиях, приглашение клиентов на наши конференции, которые посвящены центрам обработки данных MicroSoft, и проводятся в этих самых дата-центрах, или использование других средств, например, блоги и спецификации, мы уверены, что обмен передовым опытом имеет первостепенное значение и будет продвигать отрасль вперед.

    Today we are sharing our Generation 4 Modular Data Center plan. This is our vision and will be the foundation of our cloud data center infrastructure in the next five years. We believe it is one of the most revolutionary changes to happen to data centers in the last 30 years. Joining me, in writing this blog are Daniel Costello, my director of Data Center Research and Engineering and Christian Belady, principal power and cooling architect. I feel their voices will add significant value to driving understanding around the many benefits included in this new design paradigm.

    Сейчас мы хотим поделиться своим планом модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения. Это наше видение и оно будет основанием для инфраструктуры наших облачных дата-центров в ближайшие пять лет. Мы считаем, что это одно из самых революционных изменений в дата-центрах за последние 30 лет. Вместе со мной в написании этого блога участвовали Дэниел Костелло, директор по исследованиям и инжинирингу дата-центров, и Кристиан Белади, главный архитектор систем энергоснабжения и охлаждения. Мне кажется, что их авторитет придаст больше веса большому количеству преимуществ, включенных в эту новую парадигму проектирования.

    Our “Gen 4” modular data centers will take the flexibility of containerized servers—like those in our Chicago data center—and apply it across the entire facility. So what do we mean by modular? Think of it like “building blocks”, where the data center will be composed of modular units of prefabricated mechanical, electrical, security components, etc., in addition to containerized servers.

    Was there a key driver for the Generation 4 Data Center?

    Наши модульные дата-центры “Gen 4” будут гибкими с контейнерами серверов – как серверы в нашем чикагском дата-центре. И гибкость будет применяться ко всему ЦОД. Итак, что мы подразумеваем под модульностью? Мы думаем о ней как о “строительных блоках”, где дата-центр будет состоять из модульных блоков изготовленных в заводских условиях электрических систем и систем охлаждения, а также систем безопасности и т.п., в дополнение к контейнеризованным серверам.
    Был ли ключевой стимул для разработки дата-центра четвертого поколения?


    If we were to summarize the promise of our Gen 4 design into a single sentence it would be something like this: “A highly modular, scalable, efficient, just-in-time data center capacity program that can be delivered anywhere in the world very quickly and cheaply, while allowing for continued growth as required.” Sounds too good to be true, doesn’t it? Well, keep in mind that these concepts have been in initial development and prototyping for over a year and are based on cumulative knowledge of previous facility generations and the advances we have made since we began our investments in earnest on this new design.

    Если бы нам нужно было обобщить достоинства нашего проекта Gen 4 в одном предложении, это выглядело бы следующим образом: “Центр обработки данных с высоким уровнем модульности, расширяемости, и энергетической эффективности, а также возможностью постоянного расширения, в случае необходимости, который можно очень быстро и дешево развертывать в любом месте мира”. Звучит слишком хорошо для того чтобы быть правдой, не так ли? Ну, не забывайте, что эти концепции находились в процессе начальной разработки и создания опытного образца в течение более одного года и основываются на опыте, накопленном в ходе развития предыдущих поколений ЦОД, а также успехах, сделанных нами со времени, когда мы начали вкладывать серьезные средства в этот новый проект.

    One of the biggest challenges we’ve had at Microsoft is something Mike likes to call the ‘Goldilock’s Problem’. In a nutshell, the problem can be stated as:

    The worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is not have enough capacity online, thus limiting the growth of our products and services.

    Одну из самых больших проблем, с которыми приходилось сталкиваться Майкрософт, Майк любит называть ‘Проблемой Лютика’. Вкратце, эту проблему можно выразить следующим образом:

    Самое худшее, что может быть при строительстве ЦОД для бизнеса, это не располагать достаточными производственными мощностями, и тем самым ограничивать рост наших продуктов и сервисов.

    The second worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is to have too much capacity online.

    А вторым самым худшим моментом в этой сфере может слишком большое количество производственных мощностей.

    This has led to a focus on smart, intelligent growth for the business — refining our overall demand picture. It can’t be too hot. It can’t be too cold. It has to be ‘Just Right!’ The capital dollars of investment are too large to make without long term planning. As we struggled to master these interesting challenges, we had to ensure that our technological plan also included solutions for the business and operational challenges we faced as well.
    So let’s take a high level look at our Generation 4 design

    Это заставило нас сосредоточиваться на интеллектуальном росте для бизнеса — refining our overall demand picture. Это не должно быть слишком горячим. И это не должно быть слишком холодным. Это должно быть ‘как раз, таким как надо!’ Нельзя делать такие большие капиталовложения без долгосрочного планирования. Пока мы старались решить эти интересные проблемы, мы должны были гарантировать, что наш технологический план будет также включать решения для коммерческих и эксплуатационных проблем, с которыми нам также приходилось сталкиваться.
    Давайте рассмотрим наш проект дата-центра четвертого поколения

    Are you ready for some great visuals? Check out this video at Soapbox. Click here for the Microsoft 4th Gen Video.

    It’s a concept video that came out of my Data Center Research and Engineering team, under Daniel Costello, that will give you a view into what we think is the future.

    From a configuration, construct-ability and time to market perspective, our primary goals and objectives are to modularize the whole data center. Not just the server side (like the Chicago facility), but the mechanical and electrical space as well. This means using the same kind of parts in pre-manufactured modules, the ability to use containers, skids, or rack-based deployments and the ability to tailor the Redundancy and Reliability requirements to the application at a very specific level.


    Посмотрите это видео, перейдите по ссылке для просмотра видео о Microsoft 4th Gen:

    Это концептуальное видео, созданное командой отдела Data Center Research and Engineering, возглавляемого Дэниелом Костелло, которое даст вам наше представление о будущем.

    С точки зрения конфигурации, строительной технологичности и времени вывода на рынок, нашими главными целями и задачами агрегатирование всего дата-центра. Не только серверную часть, как дата-центр в Чикаго, но также системы охлаждения и электрические системы. Это означает применение деталей одного типа в сборных модулях, возможность использования контейнеров, салазок, или стоечных систем, а также возможность подстраивать требования избыточности и надежности для данного приложения на очень специфичном уровне.

    Our goals from a cost perspective were simple in concept but tough to deliver. First and foremost, we had to reduce the capital cost per critical Mega Watt by the class of use. Some applications can run with N-level redundancy in the infrastructure, others require a little more infrastructure for support. These different classes of infrastructure requirements meant that optimizing for all cost classes was paramount. At Microsoft, we are not a one trick pony and have many Online products and services (240+) that require different levels of operational support. We understand that and ensured that we addressed it in our design which will allow us to reduce capital costs by 20%-40% or greater depending upon class.


    Нашими целями в области затрат были концептуально простыми, но трудно реализуемыми. В первую очередь мы должны были снизить капитальные затраты в пересчете на один мегаватт, в зависимости от класса резервирования. Некоторые приложения могут вполне работать на базе инфраструктуры с резервированием на уровне N, то есть без резервирования, а для работы других приложений требуется больше инфраструктуры. Эти разные классы требований инфраструктуры подразумевали, что оптимизация всех классов затрат имеет преобладающее значение. В Майкрософт мы не ограничиваемся одним решением и располагаем большим количеством интерактивных продуктов и сервисов (240+), которым требуются разные уровни эксплуатационной поддержки. Мы понимаем это, и учитываем это в своем проекте, который позволит нам сокращать капитальные затраты на 20%-40% или более в зависимости от класса.

    For example, non-critical or geo redundant applications have low hardware reliability requirements on a location basis. As a result, Gen 4 can be configured to provide stripped down, low-cost infrastructure with little or no redundancy and/or temperature control. Let’s say an Online service team decides that due to the dramatically lower cost, they will simply use uncontrolled outside air with temperatures ranging 10-35 C and 20-80% RH. The reality is we are already spec-ing this for all of our servers today and working with server vendors to broaden that range even further as Gen 4 becomes a reality. For this class of infrastructure, we eliminate generators, chillers, UPSs, and possibly lower costs relative to traditional infrastructure.

    Например, некритичные или гео-избыточные системы имеют низкие требования к аппаратной надежности на основе местоположения. В результате этого, Gen 4 можно конфигурировать для упрощенной, недорогой инфраструктуры с низким уровнем (или вообще без резервирования) резервирования и / или температурного контроля. Скажем, команда интерактивного сервиса решает, что, в связи с намного меньшими затратами, они будут просто использовать некондиционированный наружный воздух с температурой 10-35°C и влажностью 20-80% RH. В реальности мы уже сегодня предъявляем эти требования к своим серверам и работаем с поставщиками серверов над еще большим расширением диапазона температур, так как наш модуль и подход Gen 4 становится реальностью. Для подобного класса инфраструктуры мы удаляем генераторы, чиллеры, ИБП, и, возможно, будем предлагать более низкие затраты, по сравнению с традиционной инфраструктурой.

    Applications that demand higher level of redundancy or temperature control will use configurations of Gen 4 to meet those needs, however, they will also cost more (but still less than traditional data centers). We see this cost difference driving engineering behavioral change in that we predict more applications will drive towards Geo redundancy to lower costs.

    Системы, которым требуется более высокий уровень резервирования или температурного контроля, будут использовать конфигурации Gen 4, отвечающие этим требованиям, однако, они будут также стоить больше. Но все равно они будут стоить меньше, чем традиционные дата-центры. Мы предвидим, что эти различия в затратах будут вызывать изменения в методах инжиниринга, и по нашим прогнозам, это будет выражаться в переходе все большего числа систем на гео-избыточность и меньшие затраты.

    Another cool thing about Gen 4 is that it allows us to deploy capacity when our demand dictates it. Once finalized, we will no longer need to make large upfront investments. Imagine driving capital costs more closely in-line with actual demand, thus greatly reducing time-to-market and adding the capacity Online inherent in the design. Also reduced is the amount of construction labor required to put these “building blocks” together. Since the entire platform requires pre-manufacture of its core components, on-site construction costs are lowered. This allows us to maximize our return on invested capital.

    Еще одно достоинство Gen 4 состоит в том, что он позволяет нам разворачивать дополнительные мощности, когда нам это необходимо. Как только мы закончим проект, нам больше не нужно будет делать большие начальные капиталовложения. Представьте себе возможность более точного согласования капитальных затрат с реальными требованиями, и тем самым значительного снижения времени вывода на рынок и интерактивного добавления мощностей, предусматриваемого проектом. Также снижен объем строительных работ, требуемых для сборки этих “строительных блоков”. Поскольку вся платформа требует предварительного изготовления ее базовых компонентов, затраты на сборку также снижены. Это позволит нам увеличить до максимума окупаемость своих капиталовложений.
    Мы все подвергаем сомнению

    In our design process, we questioned everything. You may notice there is no roof and some might be uncomfortable with this. We explored the need of one and throughout our research we got some surprising (positive) results that showed one wasn’t needed.

    В своем процессе проектирования мы все подвергаем сомнению. Вы, наверное, обратили внимание на отсутствие крыши, и некоторым специалистам это могло не понравиться. Мы изучили необходимость в крыше и в ходе своих исследований получили удивительные результаты, которые показали, что крыша не нужна.
    Серийное производство дата центров


    In short, we are striving to bring Henry Ford’s Model T factory to the data center. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford#Model_T. Gen 4 will move data centers from a custom design and build model to a commoditized manufacturing approach. We intend to have our components built in factories and then assemble them in one location (the data center site) very quickly. Think about how a computer, car or plane is built today. Components are manufactured by different companies all over the world to a predefined spec and then integrated in one location based on demands and feature requirements. And just like Henry Ford’s assembly line drove the cost of building and the time-to-market down dramatically for the automobile industry, we expect Gen 4 to do the same for data centers. Everything will be pre-manufactured and assembled on the pad.

    Мы хотим применить модель автомобильной фабрики Генри Форда к дата-центру. Проект Gen 4 будет способствовать переходу от модели специализированного проектирования и строительства к товарно-производственному, серийному подходу. Мы намерены изготавливать свои компоненты на заводах, а затем очень быстро собирать их в одном месте, в месте строительства дата-центра. Подумайте о том, как сегодня изготавливается компьютер, автомобиль или самолет. Компоненты изготавливаются по заранее определенным спецификациям разными компаниями во всем мире, затем собираются в одном месте на основе спроса и требуемых характеристик. И точно так же как сборочный конвейер Генри Форда привел к значительному уменьшению затрат на производство и времени вывода на рынок в автомобильной промышленности, мы надеемся, что Gen 4 сделает то же самое для дата-центров. Все будет предварительно изготавливаться и собираться на месте.
    Невероятно энергоэффективный ЦОД


    And did we mention that this platform will be, overall, incredibly energy efficient? From a total energy perspective not only will we have remarkable PUE values, but the total cost of energy going into the facility will be greatly reduced as well. How much energy goes into making concrete? Will we need as much of it? How much energy goes into the fuel of the construction vehicles? This will also be greatly reduced! A key driver is our goal to achieve an average PUE at or below 1.125 by 2012 across our data centers. More than that, we are on a mission to reduce the overall amount of copper and water used in these facilities. We believe these will be the next areas of industry attention when and if the energy problem is solved. So we are asking today…“how can we build a data center with less building”?

    А мы упоминали, что эта платформа будет, в общем, невероятно энергоэффективной? С точки зрения общей энергии, мы получим не только поразительные значения PUE, но общая стоимость энергии, затраченной на объект будет также значительно снижена. Сколько энергии идет на производство бетона? Нам нужно будет столько энергии? Сколько энергии идет на питание инженерных строительных машин? Это тоже будет значительно снижено! Главным стимулом является достижение среднего PUE не больше 1.125 для всех наших дата-центров к 2012 году. Более того, у нас есть задача сокращения общего количества меди и воды в дата-центрах. Мы думаем, что эти задачи станут следующей заботой отрасли после того как будет решена энергетическая проблема. Итак, сегодня мы спрашиваем себя…“как можно построить дата-центр с меньшим объемом строительных работ”?
    Строительство дата центров без чиллеров

    We have talked openly and publicly about building chiller-less data centers and running our facilities using aggressive outside economization. Our sincerest hope is that Gen 4 will completely eliminate the use of water. Today’s data centers use massive amounts of water and we see water as the next scarce resource and have decided to take a proactive stance on making water conservation part of our plan.

    Мы открыто и публично говорили о строительстве дата-центров без чиллеров и активном использовании в наших центрах обработки данных технологий свободного охлаждения или фрикулинга. Мы искренне надеемся, что Gen 4 позволит полностью отказаться от использования воды. Современные дата-центры расходуют большие объемы воды и так как мы считаем воду следующим редким ресурсом, мы решили принять упреждающие меры и включить экономию воды в свой план.

    By sharing this with the industry, we believe everyone can benefit from our methodology. While this concept and approach may be intimidating (or downright frightening) to some in the industry, disclosure ultimately is better for all of us.

    Делясь этим опытом с отраслью, мы считаем, что каждый сможет извлечь выгоду из нашей методологией. Хотя эта концепция и подход могут показаться пугающими (или откровенно страшными) для некоторых отраслевых специалистов, раскрывая свои планы мы, в конечном счете, делаем лучше для всех нас.

    Gen 4 design (even more than just containers), could reduce the ‘religious’ debates in our industry. With the central spine infrastructure in place, containers or pre-manufactured server halls can be either AC or DC, air-side economized or water-side economized, or not economized at all (though the sanity of that might be questioned). Gen 4 will allow us to decommission, repair and upgrade quickly because everything is modular. No longer will we be governed by the initial decisions made when constructing the facility. We will have almost unlimited use and re-use of the facility and site. We will also be able to use power in an ultra-fluid fashion moving load from critical to non-critical as use and capacity requirements dictate.

    Проект Gen 4 позволит уменьшить ‘религиозные’ споры в нашей отрасли. Располагая базовой инфраструктурой, контейнеры или сборные серверные могут оборудоваться системами переменного или постоянного тока, воздушными или водяными экономайзерами, или вообще не использовать экономайзеры. Хотя можно подвергать сомнению разумность такого решения. Gen 4 позволит нам быстро выполнять работы по выводу из эксплуатации, ремонту и модернизации, поскольку все будет модульным. Мы больше не будем руководствоваться начальными решениями, принятыми во время строительства дата-центра. Мы сможем использовать этот дата-центр и инфраструктуру в течение почти неограниченного периода времени. Мы также сможем применять сверхгибкие методы использования электрической энергии, переводя оборудование в режимы критической или некритической нагрузки в соответствии с требуемой мощностью.
    Gen 4 – это стандартная платформа

    Finally, we believe this is a big game changer. Gen 4 will provide a standard platform that our industry can innovate around. For example, all modules in our Gen 4 will have common interfaces clearly defined by our specs and any vendor that meets these specifications will be able to plug into our infrastructure. Whether you are a computer vendor, UPS vendor, generator vendor, etc., you will be able to plug and play into our infrastructure. This means we can also source anyone, anywhere on the globe to minimize costs and maximize performance. We want to help motivate the industry to further innovate—with innovations from which everyone can reap the benefits.

    Наконец, мы уверены, что это будет фактором, который значительно изменит ситуацию. Gen 4 будет представлять собой стандартную платформу, которую отрасль сможет обновлять. Например, все модули в нашем Gen 4 будут иметь общепринятые интерфейсы, четко определяемые нашими спецификациями, и оборудование любого поставщика, которое отвечает этим спецификациям можно будет включать в нашу инфраструктуру. Независимо от того производите вы компьютеры, ИБП, генераторы и т.п., вы сможете включать свое оборудование нашу инфраструктуру. Это означает, что мы также сможем обеспечивать всех, в любом месте земного шара, тем самым сводя до минимума затраты и максимальной увеличивая производительность. Мы хотим создать в отрасли мотивацию для дальнейших инноваций – инноваций, от которых каждый сможет получать выгоду.
    Главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen4

    To summarize, the key characteristics of our Generation 4 data centers are:

    Scalable
    Plug-and-play spine infrastructure
    Factory pre-assembled: Pre-Assembled Containers (PACs) & Pre-Manufactured Buildings (PMBs)
    Rapid deployment
    De-mountable
    Reduce TTM
    Reduced construction
    Sustainable measures

    Ниже приведены главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen 4:

    Расширяемость;
    Готовая к использованию базовая инфраструктура;
    Изготовление в заводских условиях: сборные контейнеры (PAC) и сборные здания (PMB);
    Быстрота развертывания;
    Возможность демонтажа;
    Снижение времени вывода на рынок (TTM);
    Сокращение сроков строительства;
    Экологичность;

    Map applications to DC Class

    We hope you join us on this incredible journey of change and innovation!

    Long hours of research and engineering time are invested into this process. There are still some long days and nights ahead, but the vision is clear. Rest assured however, that we as refine Generation 4, the team will soon be looking to Generation 5 (even if it is a bit farther out). There is always room to get better.


    Использование систем электропитания постоянного тока.

    Мы надеемся, что вы присоединитесь к нам в этом невероятном путешествии по миру изменений и инноваций!

    На этот проект уже потрачены долгие часы исследований и проектирования. И еще предстоит потратить много дней и ночей, но мы имеем четкое представление о конечной цели. Однако будьте уверены, что как только мы доведем до конца проект модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения, мы вскоре начнем думать о проекте дата-центра пятого поколения. Всегда есть возможность для улучшений.

    So if you happen to come across Goldilocks in the forest, and you are curious as to why she is smiling you will know that she feels very good about getting very close to ‘JUST RIGHT’.

    Generations of Evolution – some background on our data center designs

    Так что, если вы встретите в лесу девочку по имени Лютик, и вам станет любопытно, почему она улыбается, вы будете знать, что она очень довольна тем, что очень близко подошла к ‘ОПИМАЛЬНОМУ РЕШЕНИЮ’.
    Поколения эволюции – история развития наших дата-центров

    We thought you might be interested in understanding what happened in the first three generations of our data center designs. When Ray Ozzie wrote his Software plus Services memo it posed a very interesting challenge to us. The winds of change were at ‘tornado’ proportions. That “plus Services” tag had some significant (and unstated) challenges inherent to it. The first was that Microsoft was going to evolve even further into an operations company. While we had been running large scale Internet services since 1995, this development lead us to an entirely new level. Additionally, these “services” would span across both Internet and Enterprise businesses. To those of you who have to operate “stuff”, you know that these are two very different worlds in operational models and challenges. It also meant that, to achieve the same level of reliability and performance required our infrastructure was going to have to scale globally and in a significant way.

    Мы подумали, что может быть вам будет интересно узнать историю первых трех поколений наших центров обработки данных. Когда Рэй Оззи написал свою памятную записку Software plus Services, он поставил перед нами очень интересную задачу. Ветра перемен двигались с ураганной скоростью. Это окончание “plus Services” скрывало в себе какие-то значительные и неопределенные задачи. Первая заключалась в том, что Майкрософт собиралась в еще большей степени стать операционной компанией. Несмотря на то, что мы управляли большими интернет-сервисами, начиная с 1995 г., эта разработка подняла нас на абсолютно новый уровень. Кроме того, эти “сервисы” охватывали интернет-компании и корпорации. Тем, кому приходится всем этим управлять, известно, что есть два очень разных мира в области операционных моделей и задач. Это также означало, что для достижения такого же уровня надежности и производительности требовалось, чтобы наша инфраструктура располагала значительными возможностями расширения в глобальных масштабах.

    It was that intense atmosphere of change that we first started re-evaluating data center technology and processes in general and our ideas began to reach farther than what was accepted by the industry at large. This was the era of Generation 1. As we look at where most of the world’s data centers are today (and where our facilities were), it represented all the known learning and design requirements that had been in place since IBM built the first purpose-built computer room. These facilities focused more around uptime, reliability and redundancy. Big infrastructure was held accountable to solve all potential environmental shortfalls. This is where the majority of infrastructure in the industry still is today.

    Именно в этой атмосфере серьезных изменений мы впервые начали переоценку ЦОД-технологий и технологий вообще, и наши идеи начали выходить за пределы общепринятых в отрасли представлений. Это была эпоха ЦОД первого поколения. Когда мы узнали, где сегодня располагается большинство мировых дата-центров и где находятся наши предприятия, это представляло весь опыт и навыки проектирования, накопленные со времени, когда IBM построила первую серверную. В этих ЦОД больше внимания уделялось бесперебойной работе, надежности и резервированию. Большая инфраструктура была призвана решать все потенциальные экологические проблемы. Сегодня большая часть инфраструктуры все еще находится на этом этапе своего развития.

    We soon realized that traditional data centers were quickly becoming outdated. They were not keeping up with the demands of what was happening technologically and environmentally. That’s when we kicked off our Generation 2 design. Gen 2 facilities started taking into account sustainability, energy efficiency, and really looking at the total cost of energy and operations.

    Очень быстро мы поняли, что стандартные дата-центры очень быстро становятся устаревшими. Они не поспевали за темпами изменений технологических и экологических требований. Именно тогда мы стали разрабатывать ЦОД второго поколения. В этих дата-центрах Gen 2 стали принимать во внимание такие факторы как устойчивое развитие, энергетическая эффективность, а также общие энергетические и эксплуатационные.

    No longer did we view data centers just for the upfront capital costs, but we took a hard look at the facility over the course of its life. Our Quincy, Washington and San Antonio, Texas facilities are examples of our Gen 2 data centers where we explored and implemented new ways to lessen the impact on the environment. These facilities are considered two leading industry examples, based on their energy efficiency and ability to run and operate at new levels of scale and performance by leveraging clean hydro power (Quincy) and recycled waste water (San Antonio) to cool the facility during peak cooling months.

    Мы больше не рассматривали дата-центры только с точки зрения начальных капитальных затрат, а внимательно следили за работой ЦОД на протяжении его срока службы. Наши объекты в Куинси, Вашингтоне, и Сан-Антонио, Техас, являются образцами наших ЦОД второго поколения, в которых мы изучали и применяли на практике новые способы снижения воздействия на окружающую среду. Эти объекты считаются двумя ведущими отраслевыми примерами, исходя из их энергетической эффективности и способности работать на новых уровнях производительности, основанных на использовании чистой энергии воды (Куинси) и рециклирования отработанной воды (Сан-Антонио) для охлаждения объекта в самых жарких месяцах.

    As we were delivering our Gen 2 facilities into steel and concrete, our Generation 3 facilities were rapidly driving the evolution of the program. The key concepts for our Gen 3 design are increased modularity and greater concentration around energy efficiency and scale. The Gen 3 facility will be best represented by the Chicago, Illinois facility currently under construction. This facility will seem very foreign compared to the traditional data center concepts most of the industry is comfortable with. In fact, if you ever sit around in our container hanger in Chicago it will look incredibly different from a traditional raised-floor data center. We anticipate this modularization will drive huge efficiencies in terms of cost and operations for our business. We will also introduce significant changes in the environmental systems used to run our facilities. These concepts and processes (where applicable) will help us gain even greater efficiencies in our existing footprint, allowing us to further maximize infrastructure investments.

    Так как наши ЦОД второго поколения строились из стали и бетона, наши центры обработки данных третьего поколения начали их быстро вытеснять. Главными концептуальными особенностями ЦОД третьего поколения Gen 3 являются повышенная модульность и большее внимание к энергетической эффективности и масштабированию. Дата-центры третьего поколения лучше всего представлены объектом, который в настоящее время строится в Чикаго, Иллинойс. Этот ЦОД будет выглядеть очень необычно, по сравнению с общепринятыми в отрасли представлениями о дата-центре. Действительно, если вам когда-либо удастся побывать в нашем контейнерном ангаре в Чикаго, он покажется вам совершенно непохожим на обычный дата-центр с фальшполом. Мы предполагаем, что этот модульный подход будет способствовать значительному повышению эффективности нашего бизнеса в отношении затрат и операций. Мы также внесем существенные изменения в климатические системы, используемые в наших ЦОД. Эти концепции и технологии, если применимо, позволят нам добиться еще большей эффективности наших существующих дата-центров, и тем самым еще больше увеличивать капиталовложения в инфраструктуру.

    This is definitely a journey, not a destination industry. In fact, our Generation 4 design has been under heavy engineering for viability and cost for over a year. While the demand of our commercial growth required us to make investments as we grew, we treated each step in the learning as a process for further innovation in data centers. The design for our future Gen 4 facilities enabled us to make visionary advances that addressed the challenges of building, running, and operating facilities all in one concerted effort.

    Это определенно путешествие, а не конечный пункт назначения. На самом деле, наш проект ЦОД четвертого поколения подвергался серьезным испытаниям на жизнеспособность и затраты на протяжении целого года. Хотя необходимость в коммерческом росте требовала от нас постоянных капиталовложений, мы рассматривали каждый этап своего развития как шаг к будущим инновациям в области дата-центров. Проект наших будущих ЦОД четвертого поколения Gen 4 позволил нам делать фантастические предположения, которые касались задач строительства, управления и эксплуатации объектов как единого упорядоченного процесса.


    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)

  • 6 construcción

    f.
    1 construction, building, work under construction.
    2 construction, erection, raising-up.
    3 building industry.
    4 making, creation, construct, construction.
    5 construction, grammatical construction.
    6 construction, explication.
    * * *
    1 construction
    2 (edificio) building
    \
    en construcción / en vías de construcción under construction
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=acción) construction, building
    2) (=sector laboral) construction industry
    3) (=estructura) structure
    4) (Ling) construction
    * * *
    1) ( acción) construction, building

    materiales de construcciónbuilding o construction materials

    2)
    a) ( sector) building, construction
    b) (edificio, estructura) construction
    3) (Ling) construction
    * * *
    = building, construction, construction project, construction, erection, property development.
    Ex. Some libraries find that it is difficult to convey all the necessary information in a simple manner, merely because the collection is large, or housed in various separate buildings and wings, and the shelving sequence is complex.
    Ex. In the attempt to match the above criteria, there are two fundamentally distinct avenues to the construction of the schedules of a classification scheme.
    Ex. Library governing boards need a solid understanding of building sciences, prior to launching a new construction, renovation, or addition project.
    Ex. Out of 18 different education programs conducted by small companies, two-thirds were conducted by manufacturing companies, the remainder were in health services, construction, or transportation companies.
    Ex. The war years heralded several changes, one of them being the erection of a new library building.
    Ex. Golf courses are emerging as one of the most environmentally rapacious and socially divisive forms of tourist and property development.
    ----
    * asesor técnico en construcción de bibliot = library building consultant.
    * bloque de construcción = building block.
    * ciencias de la construcción = building sciences.
    * construcción de caminos = road construction.
    * construcción de carreteras = road construction.
    * construcción de casas = building construction.
    * construcción de diques = diking [dyking].
    * construcción de edificios = building construction.
    * construcción de muros = walling.
    * construcción de presas = damming.
    * construcción de represas = damming.
    * construcción naval = shipbuilding.
    * Construcción Pasiva de un Verbo = get + Participio.
    * de construcción básica = brick and frame.
    * de construcción sólida = solidly-built.
    * en construcción = under development, under construction.
    * en proceso de construcción = under construction.
    * industria de la construcción, la = construction industry, the, building industry, the.
    * ingeniería de la construcción = construction engineering.
    * material de construcción = building material.
    * obrero de la construcción = construction worker.
    * permiso de construcción = building permit.
    * proyecto de construcción = construction project.
    * suministros de construcción = building supplies.
    * técnica de construcción = construction technique.
    * terreno en construcción = building site.
    * * *
    1) ( acción) construction, building

    materiales de construcciónbuilding o construction materials

    2)
    a) ( sector) building, construction
    b) (edificio, estructura) construction
    3) (Ling) construction
    * * *
    = building, construction, construction project, construction, erection, property development.

    Ex: Some libraries find that it is difficult to convey all the necessary information in a simple manner, merely because the collection is large, or housed in various separate buildings and wings, and the shelving sequence is complex.

    Ex: In the attempt to match the above criteria, there are two fundamentally distinct avenues to the construction of the schedules of a classification scheme.
    Ex: Library governing boards need a solid understanding of building sciences, prior to launching a new construction, renovation, or addition project.
    Ex: Out of 18 different education programs conducted by small companies, two-thirds were conducted by manufacturing companies, the remainder were in health services, construction, or transportation companies.
    Ex: The war years heralded several changes, one of them being the erection of a new library building.
    Ex: Golf courses are emerging as one of the most environmentally rapacious and socially divisive forms of tourist and property development.
    * asesor técnico en construcción de bibliot = library building consultant.
    * bloque de construcción = building block.
    * ciencias de la construcción = building sciences.
    * construcción de caminos = road construction.
    * construcción de carreteras = road construction.
    * construcción de casas = building construction.
    * construcción de diques = diking [dyking].
    * construcción de edificios = building construction.
    * construcción de muros = walling.
    * construcción de presas = damming.
    * construcción de represas = damming.
    * construcción naval = shipbuilding.
    * Construcción Pasiva de un Verbo = get + Participio.
    * de construcción básica = brick and frame.
    * de construcción sólida = solidly-built.
    * en construcción = under development, under construction.
    * en proceso de construcción = under construction.
    * industria de la construcción, la = construction industry, the, building industry, the.
    * ingeniería de la construcción = construction engineering.
    * material de construcción = building material.
    * obrero de la construcción = construction worker.
    * permiso de construcción = building permit.
    * proyecto de construcción = construction project.
    * suministros de construcción = building supplies.
    * técnica de construcción = construction technique.
    * terreno en construcción = building site.

    * * *
    A (acción) construction, building
    en construcción under construction
    vivienda de muy mala construcción jerry-built housing, very poorly built o constructed housing
    materiales de construcción building o construction materials
    usen regla y compás para la construcción del triángulo use a ruler and compasses to construct the triangle
    trabajemos juntos en la construcción de una sociedad más justa let's work together to create a fairer society
    B
    1 (sector) building, construction
    obrero de la construcción a construction o building worker
    la industria de la construcción naval the shipbuilding industry
    2 (edificio) building, construction; (otra estructura) construction, structure
    C ( Ling) construction
    * * *

     

    construcción sustantivo femenino


    obrero de la construcción building o construction worker
    b) (edificio, estructura) construction

    c) (Ling) construction

    construcción sustantivo femenino
    1 (edificio) building: las construcciones de la zona no aguantaron el temblor de tierra, the buildings in the area did not withstand the earthquake
    2 (acción) construction: la construcción de la catedral tardó más de un siglo, it took over a century to complete construction of the cathedral
    3 (industria) trabajo en la construcción, I work in the building industry
    ' construcción' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    ampliación
    - concatenación
    - elevada
    - elevado
    - escora
    - fortaleza
    - gremio
    - grúa
    - hundir
    - hundimiento
    - hundirse
    - levantar
    - parecerse
    - promotor
    - promotora
    - promover
    - resaltar
    - urbanización
    - barraca
    - carpintería
    - en
    - fuente
    - licitación
    - madera
    - material
    - obra
    - robusto
    - tosco
    - vivienda
    English:
    advocate
    - building
    - construction
    - defence
    - defense
    - demonstrate
    - deserve
    - erect
    - erection
    - flimsy
    - fountain
    - mention
    - rough
    - shipbuilding
    - solidly
    - sound
    - structure
    - timber
    - tumble
    - well-built
    - ship
    * * *
    1. [acción] construction;
    [de edificio, muro] construction, building; [de buque] building; [de automóvil, aeronave] manufacture; [de mueble] making, building;
    la construcción sólida del vehículo the vehicle's solid build;
    en construcción [edificio, página web] under construction;
    la construcción del teatro llevará dos años the theatre will take two years to build;
    una fase clave en la construcción europea a key phase in the development of the EU;
    trabajamos en la construcción de oportunidades para todos we are working to create opportunities for everyone
    2. [sector] construction o building industry;
    trabajadores de la construcción construction o building workers;
    una empresa de la construcción a construction company
    construcción naval shipbuilding
    3. [edificio, estructura] building
    4. Gram construction
    * * *
    f
    1 actividad, sector construction;
    construcción naval shipbuilding
    2 ( edificio) building
    * * *
    construcción nf, pl - ciones : construction, building
    * * *
    construcción n building

    Spanish-English dictionary > construcción

  • 7 confabulado con

    = in collusion with, in cahoots (with), in complicity with, in connivance with
    Ex. All this deterioration has been to complicate and thereby fatten the pockets of trial lawyers in collusion with our judges.
    Ex. If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.
    Ex. It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex. After the victim is beaten and robbed he finds that the police have already prepared a case against him in connivance with the assailants.
    * * *
    = in collusion with, in cahoots (with), in complicity with, in connivance with

    Ex: All this deterioration has been to complicate and thereby fatten the pockets of trial lawyers in collusion with our judges.

    Ex: If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.
    Ex: It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex: After the victim is beaten and robbed he finds that the police have already prepared a case against him in connivance with the assailants.

    Spanish-English dictionary > confabulado con

  • 8 en connivencia con

    = in collusion with, in cahoots (with), in complicity with, in connivance with
    Ex. All this deterioration has been to complicate and thereby fatten the pockets of trial lawyers in collusion with our judges.
    Ex. If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.
    Ex. It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex. After the victim is beaten and robbed he finds that the police have already prepared a case against him in connivance with the assailants.
    * * *
    = in collusion with, in cahoots (with), in complicity with, in connivance with

    Ex: All this deterioration has been to complicate and thereby fatten the pockets of trial lawyers in collusion with our judges.

    Ex: If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.
    Ex: It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex: After the victim is beaten and robbed he finds that the police have already prepared a case against him in connivance with the assailants.

    Spanish-English dictionary > en connivencia con

  • 9 establecer

    v.
    1 to establish.
    no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower
    la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death
    las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…
    Establecieron directrices They established guidelines.
    Establecieron a Ricardo en la oficina They established Richard at the office.
    2 to establish (instalar) (colonia, poblado).
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer
    1 (gen) to establish; (fundar) to found, set up
    2 (récord) to set
    3 (ordenar) to state, lay down, establish
    1 (en un lugar) to settle; (en un negocio) to set up in business
    * * *
    verb
    to establish, set up, found
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ relación, comunicación] to establish
    2) (=fundar) [+ empresa] to establish; [+ colonia] to settle
    3) (=dictaminar) to state, lay down

    la ley establece que... — the law states o lays down that...

    4) (=expresar) [+ idea, principio] to establish; [+ norma] to lay down; [+ criterio] to set
    5) [+ récord] to set
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up
    b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish
    a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

    conviene dejar establecido que... — we should make it clear that...

    establecer un precedenteto establish o set a precedent

    b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish
    c) < uso> to establish
    d) <récord/marca/moda> to set
    3) ( determinar) to establish
    2.
    establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up
    * * *
    = call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.
    Ex. The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.
    Ex. This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.
    Ex. The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
    Ex. The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.
    Ex. Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.
    Ex. He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.
    Ex. If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
    Ex. The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.
    Ex. Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.
    Ex. Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.
    Ex. She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.
    Ex. The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.
    Ex. MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.
    ----
    * establecer alianzas = make + alliances.
    * establecer canales para = establish + channels for.
    * establecer características = lay down + features.
    * establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.
    * establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.
    * establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.
    * establecer contacto = make + contact.
    * establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).
    * establecer contactos profesionales = networking.
    * establecer criterios para = make + provision for.
    * establecer directrices = chart + direction.
    * establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.
    * establecer el contexto = set + context.
    * establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.
    * establecer el tema = set + the theme.
    * establecer el tono = set + the theme.
    * establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.
    * establecer lazos afectivos = bond.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer norma = legislate.
    * establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.
    * establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.
    * establecer normativa = govern.
    * establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.
    * establecer reglas = make + provision.
    * establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.
    * establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.
    * establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * establecerse = settle in, settle down.
    * establecer sectores = sectoring.
    * establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.
    * establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.
    * establecer una condición = specify + requirement.
    * establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.
    * establecer una convención = establish + convention.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.
    * establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.
    * establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.
    * establecer una política = institute + policy.
    * establecer una regla = frame + rule.
    * establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * establecer un norma = give + prescription.
    * establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.
    * establecer un record = establish + a record.
    * establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.
    * establecer valores = establish + values.
    * establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.
    * volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up
    b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish
    a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

    conviene dejar establecido que... — we should make it clear that...

    establecer un precedenteto establish o set a precedent

    b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish
    c) < uso> to establish
    d) <récord/marca/moda> to set
    3) ( determinar) to establish
    2.
    establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up
    * * *
    = call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.

    Ex: The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.

    Ex: This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.
    Ex: The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
    Ex: The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.
    Ex: Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.
    Ex: He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.
    Ex: If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
    Ex: The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.
    Ex: Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.
    Ex: Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.
    Ex: She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.
    Ex: The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.
    Ex: MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.
    * establecer alianzas = make + alliances.
    * establecer canales para = establish + channels for.
    * establecer características = lay down + features.
    * establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.
    * establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.
    * establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.
    * establecer contacto = make + contact.
    * establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).
    * establecer contactos profesionales = networking.
    * establecer criterios para = make + provision for.
    * establecer directrices = chart + direction.
    * establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.
    * establecer el contexto = set + context.
    * establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.
    * establecer el tema = set + the theme.
    * establecer el tono = set + the theme.
    * establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.
    * establecer lazos afectivos = bond.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer norma = legislate.
    * establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.
    * establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.
    * establecer normativa = govern.
    * establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.
    * establecer reglas = make + provision.
    * establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.
    * establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.
    * establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * establecerse = settle in, settle down.
    * establecer sectores = sectoring.
    * establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.
    * establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.
    * establecer una condición = specify + requirement.
    * establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.
    * establecer una convención = establish + convention.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.
    * establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.
    * establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.
    * establecer una política = institute + policy.
    * establecer una regla = frame + rule.
    * establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * establecer un norma = give + prescription.
    * establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.
    * establecer un record = establish + a record.
    * establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.
    * establecer valores = establish + values.
    * establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.
    * volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.

    * * *
    establecer [E3 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹colonia› to establish; ‹campamento› to set up
    estableció su residencia en Mónaco he took up residence in Monaco
    2 ‹relaciones/comunicaciones/contacto› to establish
    3 ‹dictadura› to establish, set up
    1 ‹criterios/bases› to establish, lay down; ‹precio› to fix, set
    conviene dejar establecido que … we should make it clear that …
    establecer un precedente to establish o set a precedent
    2 ( frml); «ley/reglamento» (disponer) to state, establish
    como se establece en la Constitución as laid down o established in the Constitution
    tres veces el precio establecido por la ley three times the legal price
    3 ‹uso› to establish; ‹moda› to set
    4 ‹récord/marca› to set
    C (determinar) to establish
    no se ha podido establecer qué fue lo que ocurrió it has been impossible to ascertain o establish exactly what happened
    1 «colono/emigrante» to settle
    2 «comerciante/empresa» to set up
    se estableció por su cuenta he set up his own business ( o practice etc), he set up on his own
    * * *

     

    establecer ( conjugate establecer) verbo transitivo
    1
    a)colonia/dictadura to establish;

    campamento to set up;

    b)relaciones/contacto to establish

    2 ( dejar sentado)
    a)criterios/bases to establish, lay down;

    precio to fix, set;
    precedente to establish, set
    b) (frml) [ley/reglamento] ( disponer) to state, establish

    c)récord/marca/moda to set;

    uso to establish
    3 ( determinar) to establish
    establecerse verbo pronominal [colono/emigrante] to settle;
    [comerciante/empresa] to set up
    establecer verbo transitivo to establish
    (un récord) to set (up)
    ' establecer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    conectar
    - disponer
    - fijar
    - implantar
    - sentar
    - consagrar
    - determinar
    - montar
    English:
    ascertain
    - establish
    - get at
    - institute
    - lay down
    - networking
    - open up
    - parallel
    - pattern
    - prioritize
    - set
    - set down
    - set up
    - standard
    - timetable
    - bond
    - determine
    - dictate
    - draw
    - empathize
    - get
    - issue
    - lay
    - open
    - pin
    - state
    * * *
    vt
    1. [instalar] [colonia, poblado] to establish;
    [campamento, negocio, sucursal] to set up;
    establecer residencia en to take up residence in
    2. [fijar, emprender] [régimen, relaciones, comunicación] to establish;
    [costumbre] to introduce; [moda] to start; [récord] to set;
    no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower
    3. [expresar] [principios, criterios] to establish, to lay down;
    [teoría, hipótesis] to formulate;
    estableció las bases de la física moderna he laid the foundations of modern physics
    4. [estipular] to state, to stipulate;
    las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…;
    según establece la ley,… as stipulated by law,…
    5. [averiguar] to establish, to determine;
    la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death
    * * *
    v/t
    1 establish
    2 negocio set up
    * * *
    establecer {53} vt
    fundar, instituir: to establish, to found, to set up
    * * *
    1. (crear) to set up [pt. & pp. set]
    2. (demostrar) to establish
    Newton estableció que... Newton established that...
    3. (ordenar) to state
    la constitución establece que... the constitution states that...

    Spanish-English dictionary > establecer

  • 10 utilizar

    v.
    1 to use.
    El cartero utiliza un saco The mailman uses a sack.
    El traidor utilizó a su novia The traitor used his girlfriend.
    2 to spend.
    * * *
    1 to use, make use of
    * * *
    verb
    to use, utilize
    * * *
    VT
    1) (=usar) to use, make use of, utilize frm

    ¿qué medio de transporte utilizas? — which means of transport do you use?

    2) (=explotar) [+ recursos] to harness; [+ desperdicios] to reclaim
    * * *
    verbo transitivo to use, utilize (frml)
    * * *
    = adopt, deploy, employ, enlist, exploit, handle, harness, help + Reflexivo, rely on/upon, take in + use, tap, use, utilise [utilize, -USA], find + Posesivo + way (a)round/through + Complemento, draw on/upon, bring to + bear, build on/upon, make + use of, leverage, mobilise [mobilize, -USA], play + Nombre + along.
    Ex. The concept of corporate authorship was first formulated in the BM code and has been adopted in all subsequent English language codes.
    Ex. The article presents the results of trials in which the model was deployed to classify aspects of the construction industry, such as construction norms and regulations.
    Ex. The size of the collections in which the LCC is currently employed is likely to be a significant factor in its perpetuation.
    Ex. Capital letters, and various punctuation symbols eg:,(),' may be enlisted as facet indicators.
    Ex. The Library of Congress List of Subject Headings (LCSH) can be exploited as a general index, since it shows LCC numbers for many of the headings listed.
    Ex. An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.
    Ex. When computers were first harnessed for information retrieval and cataloguing applications, the information retrieval systems, and some of the cataloguing systems developed in different environments.
    Ex. There was a need for more basic information materials, i.e. laymen's guides, so that people could help themselves.
    Ex. When BNB began publication in 1950 it relied upon the fourteenth edition of DC.
    Ex. The last 3 years while grants were available saw a rise in loans, readers and outreach services, a controversial stock revision and scrapping were carried out and a PC was taken in use.
    Ex. It must be pointed out, however, that the potential for online catalogs to increase library staff productivity has hardly been tapped.
    Ex. A study of bibliographic classification could concentrate solely upon the major, and some of the more minor bibliographic classification schemes used today.
    Ex. Clearly both tools record controlled indexing languages, but they are utilised in different environments.
    Ex. Those familiar with conventional lists of subject headings will have no difficulty in finding their way around a typical thesaurus.
    Ex. Bay's essay was produced to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Gesner's birth and draws upon a mass of contemporary source material.
    Ex. For such a task the librarian is particularly well fitted by his professional education: bringing to bear the great analytical power of classification should be second nature to him.
    Ex. The system should build on existing resources, rather than develop expensive new programmes.
    Ex. The example search in figure 8.3 shows how the statements in an online search make use of Boolean logic operators.
    Ex. Information seeking in electronic environments will become a collaboration among end user and various electronic systems such that users leverage their heuristic power and machines leverage algorithmic power.
    Ex. It is time for all librarians to change their attitudes and become involved, to seek funds and mobilise civic organisations and businesses in cooperative efforts.
    Ex. Dennis played her along until she decided to back out at which time he threatened to imprison her unless she paid up $2 million.
    ----
    * confeccionar utilizando un modelo = model.
    * empezar a utilizarse = come into + use.
    * introducción de datos utilizando un teclado = keypunching.
    * persona que utiliza la biblioteca = non-library user.
    * poder utilizarse = be usable.
    * que utiliza el tiempo como variable = time-dependent.
    * que utiliza muchos recursos = resource-intensive.
    * utilizar al máximo = stretch + Nombre + to the limit.
    * utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.
    * utilizar el dinero sabiamente = spend + wisely.
    * utilizar el ordenador = operate + computer.
    * utilizar en contra = set against.
    * utilizar la red = go + online.
    * utilizar las ideas de (Alguien) = draw on/upon + Posesivo + ideas.
    * utilizar los conocimientos de Uno = put + Posesivo + knowledge to work.
    * utilizar los recursos del personal propio = insource.
    * utilizar para un fin = put to + purpose.
    * utilizar poco = underutilise/under-utilise [underutilize/under-utilize, -USA].
    * utilizar por primera vez = pioneer.
    * utilizar recursos = mobilise + resources, tap + resources, tap into + resources.
    * utilizarse con demasiada frecuencia = be overworked.
    * utilizarse en = be at home in.
    * utilizar una metodología = employ + methodology.
    * utilizar un terminal = sit at + terminal.
    * volver a utilizar = recapture, reutilise [reutilize, -USA].
    * * *
    verbo transitivo to use, utilize (frml)
    * * *
    = adopt, deploy, employ, enlist, exploit, handle, harness, help + Reflexivo, rely on/upon, take in + use, tap, use, utilise [utilize, -USA], find + Posesivo + way (a)round/through + Complemento, draw on/upon, bring to + bear, build on/upon, make + use of, leverage, mobilise [mobilize, -USA], play + Nombre + along.

    Ex: The concept of corporate authorship was first formulated in the BM code and has been adopted in all subsequent English language codes.

    Ex: The article presents the results of trials in which the model was deployed to classify aspects of the construction industry, such as construction norms and regulations.
    Ex: The size of the collections in which the LCC is currently employed is likely to be a significant factor in its perpetuation.
    Ex: Capital letters, and various punctuation symbols eg:,(),' may be enlisted as facet indicators.
    Ex: The Library of Congress List of Subject Headings (LCSH) can be exploited as a general index, since it shows LCC numbers for many of the headings listed.
    Ex: An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.
    Ex: When computers were first harnessed for information retrieval and cataloguing applications, the information retrieval systems, and some of the cataloguing systems developed in different environments.
    Ex: There was a need for more basic information materials, i.e. laymen's guides, so that people could help themselves.
    Ex: When BNB began publication in 1950 it relied upon the fourteenth edition of DC.
    Ex: The last 3 years while grants were available saw a rise in loans, readers and outreach services, a controversial stock revision and scrapping were carried out and a PC was taken in use.
    Ex: It must be pointed out, however, that the potential for online catalogs to increase library staff productivity has hardly been tapped.
    Ex: A study of bibliographic classification could concentrate solely upon the major, and some of the more minor bibliographic classification schemes used today.
    Ex: Clearly both tools record controlled indexing languages, but they are utilised in different environments.
    Ex: Those familiar with conventional lists of subject headings will have no difficulty in finding their way around a typical thesaurus.
    Ex: Bay's essay was produced to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Gesner's birth and draws upon a mass of contemporary source material.
    Ex: For such a task the librarian is particularly well fitted by his professional education: bringing to bear the great analytical power of classification should be second nature to him.
    Ex: The system should build on existing resources, rather than develop expensive new programmes.
    Ex: The example search in figure 8.3 shows how the statements in an online search make use of Boolean logic operators.
    Ex: Information seeking in electronic environments will become a collaboration among end user and various electronic systems such that users leverage their heuristic power and machines leverage algorithmic power.
    Ex: It is time for all librarians to change their attitudes and become involved, to seek funds and mobilise civic organisations and businesses in cooperative efforts.
    Ex: Dennis played her along until she decided to back out at which time he threatened to imprison her unless she paid up $2 million.
    * confeccionar utilizando un modelo = model.
    * empezar a utilizarse = come into + use.
    * introducción de datos utilizando un teclado = keypunching.
    * persona que utiliza la biblioteca = non-library user.
    * poder utilizarse = be usable.
    * que utiliza el tiempo como variable = time-dependent.
    * que utiliza muchos recursos = resource-intensive.
    * utilizar al máximo = stretch + Nombre + to the limit.
    * utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.
    * utilizar el dinero sabiamente = spend + wisely.
    * utilizar el ordenador = operate + computer.
    * utilizar en contra = set against.
    * utilizar la red = go + online.
    * utilizar las ideas de (Alguien) = draw on/upon + Posesivo + ideas.
    * utilizar los conocimientos de Uno = put + Posesivo + knowledge to work.
    * utilizar los recursos del personal propio = insource.
    * utilizar para un fin = put to + purpose.
    * utilizar poco = underutilise/under-utilise [underutilize/under-utilize, -USA].
    * utilizar por primera vez = pioneer.
    * utilizar recursos = mobilise + resources, tap + resources, tap into + resources.
    * utilizarse con demasiada frecuencia = be overworked.
    * utilizarse en = be at home in.
    * utilizar una metodología = employ + methodology.
    * utilizar un terminal = sit at + terminal.
    * volver a utilizar = recapture, reutilise [reutilize, -USA].

    * * *
    utilizar [A4 ]
    vt
    to use, utilize ( frml)
    la principal fuente de energía que utilizan es la solar they rely on o use o utilize solar power as their main source of energy, the main source of energy they employ o use o utilize is solar power
    utilizan los recursos naturales indiscriminadamente they make indiscriminate use of natural resources
    utilizan la religión como instrumento para sus fines they use religion as a means to (achieve) their ends
    no se da cuenta de que la están utilizando she doesn't realize that she's being used
    * * *

     

    utilizar ( conjugate utilizar) verbo transitivo
    to use, utilize (frml)
    utilizar verbo transitivo to use, utilize
    ' utilizar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    emplear
    - explotar
    - manipular
    - servirse
    - terminar
    - usar
    - valerse
    - encanto
    - modelo
    - violento
    English:
    bunk
    - deploy
    - employ
    - exploit
    - idle
    - instruction
    - toilet-train
    - toilet-training
    - unemployed
    - use
    - utilize
    - discriminate
    - harness
    - misuse
    - stone
    - user
    * * *
    1. [expresión, método, producto] to use
    2. [compañero, amigo] to use;
    te está utilizando he's using you
    * * *
    v/t use
    * * *
    utilizar {21} vt
    : to use, to utilize
    * * *
    utilizar vb to use

    Spanish-English dictionary > utilizar

  • 11 en complicidad (con)

    = in cahoots (with), in complicity with, in complicity with, in collusion with, in connivance with
    Ex. If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.
    Ex. It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex. It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex. All this deterioration has been to complicate and thereby fatten the pockets of trial lawyers in collusion with our judges.
    Ex. After the victim is beaten and robbed he finds that the police have already prepared a case against him in connivance with the assailants.

    Spanish-English dictionary > en complicidad (con)

  • 12 en complicidad

    en complicidad (con)
    = in cahoots (with), in complicity with, in complicity with, in collusion with, in connivance with

    Ex: If you are in cahoots with the circle of power, you get your projects approved in no time, and in some cases, you can build the most hideous and unsightly contraption.

    Ex: It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex: It goes without saying that no architect can build without being in complicity with commerce and industry.
    Ex: All this deterioration has been to complicate and thereby fatten the pockets of trial lawyers in collusion with our judges.
    Ex: After the victim is beaten and robbed he finds that the police have already prepared a case against him in connivance with the assailants.

    Spanish-English dictionary > en complicidad

  • 13 нарастание

    3) Naval: built-up
    4) Medicine: augment, augmentation (напр. температуры), augmentation (температуры, симптома), augmenting of symptoms, rising
    5) Engineering: accretion (отложение на поверхности), buildup (параметров), creep (напряжённости поля в магнитопроводе), creepage (напряжённости поля в магнитопроводе), growing, increase, rise (напр. скорости), rising (напр. скорости), snowballing
    6) Agriculture: augmentation (симптомов)
    7) Construction: gain
    8) Mathematics: accumulation
    9) Automobile industry: building-up (тока)
    11) Electronics: build-up, building-up
    13) Special term: alimentation (льда, фирна и т.п.)
    14) Cables: build-up (buildup)
    15) Makarov: accretion (отложение на поверхности, накипь и т.п.), build-up (напр. импульса), build-up (увеличение физической величины), building-up (напр. импульса), building-up (напр. инея, льда), building-up (напр., инея, льда), development, growth (отложение на поверхности, накипь и т.п.), growth (увеличение физической величины), increase (напр. импульса), increase (увеличение физической величины), overgrowth, rise (напр. импульса), swelling
    16) Electrical engineering: creeping (напряжённости поля в магнитопроводе)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > нарастание

  • 14 собирать

    1) General subject: agglomerate, aggregate, amass, assemble, bag (коллекцию и т. п.), ball, build up, bunch, canvass (заказы, пожертвования, взносы), collect, compile (материал, факты и т. п.), compile (факты, материал, статистические данные и т.п.), concentrate, conglomerate, congregate, convene, convoke (парламент, собрание), cull (цветы), erect, fit up, focus, frame (конструкцию), gather up (воедино), get in (урожай), get together, glean (по мелочам из разных источников), ingather, install, levy, lift (урожай), make up, mass, muster, muster (часто muster up), muster up, pick (плоды), pick in, pluck, prepare, put together (механизм), put together (механизм и т.п.), raise (налоги и т п), rake, rake together, rake up, scoop, sheave, summon, summon up, tuck, whip (людей), pack (рюкзак), scoop in, get together (ся), save up, round up, marshal, garner
    2) Geology: stock
    4) Aviation: rig
    5) Naval: mount (машину), take up
    6) Colloquial: pack away
    7) Literal: pile, pile up
    8) Military: (части оружия) assemble
    9) Engineering: assemble (узел), build, erect (на месте установки), fabricate, fit, harbor, instal, mount (на месте установки), pack, pick up (подбирать), pluck (плоды)
    10) Agriculture: gather (ягоды), hack (напр. урожай), sweep, gather in, pick up, remove ((собирать задания, сочинения и т.д.) Например: When the recording finished the paper was removed...)
    11) Chemistry: set
    12) Construction: piece together
    13) Mathematics: lump
    16) Economy: canvas (заказы, подписку), recover (долги), take in (урожай)
    17) Accounting: collect (напр. данные), raise (налоги)
    18) Automobile industry: draw together
    19) Mining: agglomerate (ся), install (машину)
    20) Diplomatic term: convocate, muster (часто muscle up), raise (налоги, деньги и т.п.), recover (долги и т.п.), take in a country
    21) Forestry: fit up (части машины), scoop up
    23) Polygraphy: collect (листы, тетради), set up (коробку, тарный ящик)
    24) Scottish language: pull (фрукты, цветы)
    26) Jargon: rack up
    27) Information technology: capture (данные), collect (данные)
    29) Patents: compile (материалы, факты)
    30) Business: accumulate, draw
    31) EBRD: levy (налоги)
    32) Automation: make, fit out, put together, put up
    33) Arms production: assemble (части оружия)
    34) Makarov: band, build in, build into, compose, crowd, cumulate, erect (машину), knit, package, pickup, pull (цветы, фрукты), rally, scavenge (напр., утиль, металлолом), set up, sweep (swept), work up (из элементов), call together, fit out (в путь и т. п.), fit up (в путь и т. п.), fit up (оборудование)
    35) Electrochemistry: bank
    36) Combustion gas turbines: adjust (машину)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > собирать

  • 15 наваривать

    1) Naval: building up
    4) Railway term: build up metal, face up, face with (твёрдый сплав)
    5) Automobile industry: build up the metal, burn in, burn on
    6) Metallurgy: burn in (напр. под печи)
    8) Oil: weld on
    9) Special term: face up (сталью и т.п.)
    10) Drilling: build up
    11) Makarov: face up (сталью и т. п.)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > наваривать

  • 16 наплавлять

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > наплавлять

  • 17 наращивание

    1) General subject: build-up (сил, средств), buildup, splicing, developing, increasing
    2) Biology: tailing
    3) Naval: halving, spreading
    4) Military: augmentation, augmentation (сил), stepping-up
    8) Mining: advancing
    9) Diplomatic term: build-up (вооружённых сил, вооружений)
    10) Forestry: increase
    11) Electronics: overgrowth
    12) Information technology: expansion
    13) Oil: connection (бурильной колонны), connection making (бурильной колонны при спуске в скважину), making a connection
    15) Astronautics: increment
    16) Mechanic engineering: advance (труб)
    17) Taxes: accrual
    18) Drilling: conn (connection; бурильной колонны), jointing, makeup, upbuilding
    19) Sakhalin energy glossary: ramping up, elevation (слоев чего-либо)
    20) Cables: build-up (buildup)
    21) Makarov: buildup (покрытия), built-up
    22) Electrochemistry: building-up (покрытия)
    23) Aluminium industry: build-up( of fluorides)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > наращивание

  • 18 сокращение

    1) General subject: abbreviation, abridgement, abridgment, acronym, amputation, axe (бюджета, штатов), beat, breviary, cancellation, castration, charge off, constriction, contraction, curtailment, cutdown, cutting, dockage, downsizing, drawdown, drop-out, fall off, fall-off, pruning, reducing, reduction, retraction, retrenchment (расходов и т. п.), short-cut, shortening, shrinkage, tapering, truncation, cut, cutback, diminution, job cut (о численности рабочих мест), haemorrhage, recession
    2) Geology: splitting (пробы)
    3) Medicine: anastalsis, arctation (полого органа), catastalsis (кишечника), clonus, involution
    4) American: slash
    5) Military: build-down (ВС), build-down (ядерных вооружений путём уничтожения большего количества старых при размещении новых), cut (численности), cut-down, down-sizing, reduction of budgets
    6) Bookish: epitome
    7) Chemistry: running down
    8) Construction: build-down, dropoff
    10) Railway term: compendium, cutback (перевозок), short allowance, simplification
    11) Law: lay-off
    14) Insurance: abbreviated, depletion
    15) Automobile industry: cutback (перевозок и т. п.), cutoff, cutting-down, reduction (площади поперечного сечения), short cut, shrink (в объёме)
    16) Diplomatic term: build-down (вооружений)
    17) Electronics: compression
    18) Jargon: draw down, grand bounce
    19) Information technology: collapsing, degradation
    21) Advertising: cut-back
    22) Mass media: poting, trimming
    25) Sakhalin energy glossary: decr (DECR)
    26) Network technologies: cancel
    27) Programming: shorthand
    28) Robots: cutoff (пути)
    29) Aviation medicine: contraction (мышцы)
    30) Psychoanalysis: epitomization
    31) Makarov: abbreviation (аббревиатура), abbreviation (действие), compressing, compression (земной коры), compression-subsidence (земной коры), cut (текста), decumulation (напр. товарных запасов), diminution (напр. прибыли), discount, docking, dropout, elimination, restraint (напр. при охлаждении), restraint (напр., при охлаждении), retract, retrenchment (текста), slashing
    32) SAP.tech. breaking down, canceling out
    33) SAP.fin. return

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > сокращение

  • 19 увеличивать

    1) General subject: add, add to (this adds to the expense - это увеличивает расход; to add fuel to the fire, to add oil to the flame - подливать масла в огонь), aggrandize (мощь, благосостояние), amplify, augment, blow up, bump up, dilate, engross, enhance, enlarge, escalate, exaggerate, expand, greaten, heat up, heighten (ся), hop up (мощность и т.п.), increase, increment, lengthen, magnify, multiply, pad, pad out, pile up, push up, redouble, rev, scale up (что-л.), speed (выпуск продукции), speed up, stretch, swell, zoom (масштаб изображения), redund (smth), upsize
    2) Aviation: run up
    3) Naval: crown
    4) Colloquial: up (выпуск продукции и т.п.)
    6) Military: add (прицел)
    8) Agriculture: add (рацион)
    9) Mathematics: add contribute, gain speed
    10) Railway term: accrue
    12) Automobile industry: intensify
    13) Architecture: bulk out
    14) Diplomatic term: mount, step a step up
    17) Psychology: proliferate
    19) Photo: enlarge (снимок)
    20) Jargon: beef up, beef-up, up
    21) Information technology: boost
    22) Graphic expression: ratchet up (напр., pressure - давление on - на кого-л.)
    25) Business: extend, put on, raise, step up
    26) Oil&Gas technology build up
    28) Automation: build
    29) Marine science: increase (с)
    30) Makarov: augment (силу, тягу, мощность), bring up, broaden, build in, build into, deepen, enhance (напр. опасность), enlarge (изображение при печати, проецировании), incr (increase), increase (число, количество), magnify (о линзе, объективе и т.п.), soup (напр., мощность двигателя), upgrade
    31) SAP.tech. zoom in
    32) Combustion gas turbines: increase (ся)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > увеличивать

  • 20 Entstehung

    f
    1. (Ursprung) beginning(s Pl.), origin(s Pl.), formation, emergence; eines Staates etc.: birth; die Entstehung der Arten / des Menschen the origin of species / the origins Pl. of man(kind); (Entwicklung) development, evolution
    2. (Schaffung) creation, formation; eines Staates etc.: auch foundation
    3. von Kosten: accrual, build-up, generation; CHEM., PHYS.: von Wärme, Reibung etc.: generation, production
    * * *
    die Entstehung
    accruement; nascency; genesis
    * * *
    Ent|ste|hung
    f -, -en
    (= das Werden) genesis, coming into being; (= das Hervorkommen) emergence; (= Ursprung) origin; (= Bildung) formation
    * * *
    (the beginning: the birth of civilization.) birth
    * * *
    Ent·ste·hung
    <-, -en>
    f
    1. (das Werden) creation; des Lebens origin; eines Gebäudes construction, building
    2. (Verursachung) creation, cause
    die Nachrichten sorgten für die \Entstehung von Unruhe the news created unrest
    3. CHEM (Bildung) formation
    * * *
    die; Entstehung: origin
    * * *
    1. (Ursprung) beginning(s pl), origin(s pl), formation, emergence; eines Staates etc: birth;
    die Entstehung der Arten/des Menschen the origin of species/the origins pl of man(kind); (Entwicklung) development, evolution
    2. (Schaffung) creation, formation; eines Staates etc: auch foundation
    3. von Kosten: accrual, build-up, generation; CHEM, PHYS: von Wärme, Reibung etc: generation, production
    * * *
    die; Entstehung: origin
    * * *
    (Anspruch) f.
    accrual n. f.
    accruement n.
    beginning n.
    coming into being n.
    development n.
    origin n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Entstehung

См. также в других словарях:

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  • build — I UK [bɪld] / US verb Word forms build : present tense I/you/we/they build he/she/it builds present participle building past tense built UK [bɪlt] / US past participle built *** 1) a) [intransitive/transitive] to make a building or other large… …   English dictionary

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